Senin, 30 Mei 2011

Download Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance (Political Economy of Institutions and Decisions)

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Review

"At a time when economic and political institutions are being reformed and replaced all over the world, North's book is required reading for all social scientists and policy makers." T.N. Srinivasan, Yale University"North here draws upon the literature concerning the formation of economic institutions...to ask significant questions about differences among economies across time and space...This is an exciting and stimulating work, and one that will leave its mark upon the work of economic historians. It will also be important for political scientists and other social scientists, to learn the message and relevance of an influential strain of non-mainstream economic thinking." Stanley Engerman, University of Rochester"In a careful but wide-ranging analysis grounded in rational-choice theory, he stresses the ways in which institutional arrangements, once adopted, may lead quite rational actors to behave in ways that are collectively suboptimal." Paul Pierson, World Politics

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Book Description

An analytical framework for explaining the ways in which institutions and institutional change affect the performance of economies is developed in this analysis of economic structures.

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Product details

Series: Political Economy of Institutions and Decisions

Paperback: 164 pages

Publisher: Cambridge University Press; 59262nd edition (October 26, 1990)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 0521397340

ISBN-13: 978-0521397346

Product Dimensions:

6 x 0.4 x 9 inches

Shipping Weight: 10.7 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

4.4 out of 5 stars

32 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#284,065 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

I am a political science student and am used to the literature, but even I have to say this book gets pretty abstract. North makes some interesting points, but I feel it could have used a bit more focus. I felt like the chapters wandered and I never got the full impact of what he was trying to say. I was surprised because North's journal articles tend to be so insightful and focused. The book is probably worth reading once for institutionalist scholars as it does make the important point that transactions costs and other barriers prevent institutional change that might otherwise be efficient. However, the book could have made that point in a short article.

This is the great founding book in systematic and specific study of institutions as a determinant factor in the economic performance of a nation (or any other kind of polity). The author is a Nobel prize winner, and his book is characterized by an economy of words, as well as precission and clarity in his thought. Although it would seem obvious that institutions play a decisive role in economic performance, it hasn't been the case along the history of economic thinking. North begins by criticizing the cold and abstract Neo-Classical model, a la Robert Solow. Yes in fact, output is the result of the conjunction between capital and labor, plus the further addition of knowledge (technology) to the equation Q = K x L x (e). But this model is really effective only under the assumption of open and competitive markets, perfect and equally accessible information, and zero transaction costs. We know the real world is not like that. We now know also that "rational choice behavior" is neither absolute nor unanimous, and that each "actor" defines the "rationality" of his choices according to his view of the world and himself.There are two kinds of institutions: formal (laws, codes, public policy, business policy, etc.), and informal (traditons, religions, modes of organization, family and social habits). Both are equally important, for they determine the rules of the game. In turn, rules determine what kind of knowledge is worth acquiring, what activities are profitable, and how to relate to others, which, in turn, determines economic performance. An innovation-rewarding society will tend to be technologically advanced, whereas a conformity-rewarding society will stagnate. Another important statement of the book is that institutions change in a marginal and incremental way. Even after revolutions and radical changes in political regimes, informal institutions tend to persist and in any case they change very slowly. North uses the example of the Russian Revolution: even though it is most likely the most radical and sudden social change ever experienced, there is still much of Tsarist Russia in its contemporary society, after the Soviet regime came and left. Tocqueville made the same observation about the French Revolution in his masterful "The Ancient Regime and Revolution": France ended up with an Emperor and several kings after the republican bloodshed and well into the XIXth Century, and social change came about slowly.By generating winners and losers, institutions create "path dependence". Even when it is clear that change is needed, those who profit from the status quo (the rich and powerful), will stop or obstruct change. North puts forth the case of the Americas, the Anglosaxon and the Hispanic, to illustrate how, in spite of the fact that many Latin American nations practically copied the American Constitution after achieving independence, the heritage of the decadent and stagnant Spain persists to this day in their instititutions.This is easily one of the most relevant books to read when trying to understand the world's economy (crisis and all). As a further example, although it looks like China has changed overnight, it is most likely that's not the case in institutional terms, and soon China will face the dead weight of its culture versus economic progress. Change does happen, and there may be some kickstarters, but in the long run institutions change in an incremental and slow way.

In this book, North outlines the precise features of the neo institutional economics school, which includes Coase, Williamson, Olson, Fogel, among others. This book is mainly about the theory itself and its origins and features, not about applications in particular, though the author does address that issue at the end of the book in the section about eocnomic performance.I believe this book is great reading for the literate economist. It is difficult to follow for the non-economist, which I believe North focuses on in his other book, "Structure and Change in Economic History". That work is earlier and I believe not as complete, but it is much more readable. Either way, North's work is among the most important advances in economics in the 20th century (for which he got the Nobel Prize), so knowledge of it should benefit one and all.

This book, in my opinion, it is a must for sociology, economics and political science students at undergraduate level, or, perhaps, at postgraduate level. It does require " pre reading" in order to understand it first go. Neo classical economics helps as well as world history notions to embark on it and enjoy reading it. It certainly is great reading out of the novelty in institutional theory. I liked it but I reckon it may not be an easy ride on the way for unprepared readers. This theory will call the shots for decades to come. Excellent choice.

This is a cristal clear book that takes you inside the world of New Institutional Economics written by one of its founders, although it was not considered as that at the time of publication.The book introduces the basic concepts to understand how institutions and property rigths as defined by Douglass C. North affect the economic process. Compared to other books by nobel laureates, this one is cristal clear. Very well written and thoroughly understandable. Highly recommendable.

Highly suggested.

Excellent book for whoever wants to understand the theoretical foundations of institutions and their importance for economic performance.The book is expensive though; that is why I give a 4 stars grade.

Classic. Excellent, concise academic analysis on institutions from an economic perspective

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Product details

Hardcover: 24 pages

Publisher: Phoenix International Publications, Inc.; Phoenix Editors edition (May 2, 2017)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 1503715191

ISBN-13: 978-1503715196

Product Dimensions:

9.9 x 0.3 x 12 inches

Shipping Weight: 15 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

4.3 out of 5 stars

23 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#17,811 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

I've bought my toddler tons of look and find books, as he loves them. My mistake was not realizing that it's not a board book but one with the standard paper pages. Not exactly what I wanted but my son still enjoys this book well enough. I just wish the pictures were more like the movie, not quite as "cartoony" as they are.

Really bad book. The description says its a board book, but its not. It has normal paper pages which can easily rip off. Not recommended. I will return it.

Our five year old grandson loves Disney and this book is perfect for a fun challenge.

My grandsons love Cars so this was a hit.

This one can be a bit on the harder side as far as most of these go however it was very fun. My 3 year old enjoyed it a lot. The pages are a bit more cartoony then the actual movie but as long as your not looking for movie accurate pages this is a good book.

This was a gift and the toddler loves it!

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Jumat, 06 Mei 2011

Ebook Download Delusions in Context

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‘This is an excellent and engaging resource on delusions. The idea that delusions should not be seen as radically different from other beliefs… is an important challenge to much contemporary thinking and practice. It should be of interest to anyone studying delusional beliefs, and to all those who aim to help people who are troubled by them.’Philippa A Garety, Professor of Clinical Psychology, King’s College London, UK â€˜This book provides a powerful defence of the continuity between delusional beliefs and non-delusional beliefs. It is a remarkable example of productive interactions between different research areas concerning a topic of common interest.’Kengo Miyazono, Associate Professor, Hiroshima University, JapanThis open access book offers an exploration of delusions―unusual beliefs that can significantly disrupt people’s lives. Experts from a range of disciplinary backgrounds, including lived experience, clinical psychiatry, philosophy, clinical psychology, and cognitive neuroscience, discuss how delusions emerge, why it is so difficult to give them up, what their effects are, how they are managed, and what we can do to reduce the stigma associated with them. Taken as a whole, the book proposes that there is continuity between delusions and everyday beliefs. It is essential reading for researchers working on delusions and mental health more generally, and will also appeal to anybody who wants to gain a better understanding of what happens when the way we experience and interpret the world is different from that of the people around us. Lisa Bortolotti is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Birmingham, UK. She works in the philosophy of the cognitive sciences and has a special interest in belief, irrationality, and mental health.

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About the Author

Lisa Bortolotti is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Birmingham, UK. She works in the philosophy of the cognitive sciences and has a special interest in belief, irrationality, and mental health. 

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Product details

Hardcover: 121 pages

Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan; 1st ed. 2018 edition (October 6, 2018)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 3319972014

ISBN-13: 978-3319972015

Product Dimensions:

6 x 0.5 x 8.5 inches

Shipping Weight: 10.9 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

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Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#1,039,532 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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Selasa, 03 Mei 2011

Ebook Download The Triumph of the Moon: A History of Modern Pagan Witchcraft, by Ronald Hutton

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Review

"An excellent reference edition...I highly recommend it."--Weekly Alibi"Hutton uses his historical skills to tease apart some of the themes in this popular rural romanticism, and to locate their purely modern origin."--Times Literary Supplement, UK"Hutton's book is excellent..."--Times Literary Supplement"Hutton has synthesized a huge body of sources, and woven together a fascinating narrative with supreme skill. The reader is sure to be gripped by the wonderful cast of characters that he assembles...Hutton shows us that paganism is a matter of interest not only for the classicist and archeologist, but for the modern historian as well. In doing so his Triumph of the Moon proves to be a triumph of cultural history."--Owen Davies, History Today (UK, Vol. 50 No. 3)

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About the Author

Ronald Hutton is Professor of History at the University of Bristol. He is the author of seven other books, including The Stations of the Sun, which The Times Literary Supplement called "a tour de force from one of the liveliest and most wide-ranging English historians." He lives in the United Kingdom.

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Product details

Paperback: 512 pages

Publisher: Oxford University Press; New Ed edition (May 31, 2001)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 0192854496

ISBN-13: 978-0192854490

Product Dimensions:

7.8 x 1 x 5.1 inches

Shipping Weight: 1.4 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

4.1 out of 5 stars

99 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#225,559 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

This book was a game changer for me. I had been an initiated Wiccan for many years when I first read it. This book helped me come to a much deeper understanding of the history of Wicca and helped me examine what I truly believe. I am still a follower of the "Old Ways" but with a greater understanding of the origins of the religion. After reading Triumph of the Moon I went on to collect many of Professor Hutton's other books and have copies of Triumph in Hardback (my original copy, read so many times the binding is giving up) paper back and now Kindle. I can not recommend this book enough! If you are a Wiccan and read this book you will come to a new understanding of your religion…hopefully for the better. If you are not, then you will understand Wiccans better for having read it.

This is a volume that has been well-reviewed for years, and doesn't really need my five stars for validation, but I am giving them anyway. I have read "Triumph of the Moon" rather more than once, and always find a new thread to investigate--which is what keeps me coming back, even more than the fact that it is clearly the product of a generous, good-humored, curious, even-tempered and evidence-oriented mind. For those of us with an intrinsic interest in magic as it lives in the modern (or is it post-modern?) Western world--not Hollywood magic, or political magic, or theatrical magic, but the current that runs beneath the visible skin of life, it is essential orientational reading.

This is a quality product and one that is grounded in a lot of research. The only reason that I didn't rate it higher is that at times I found it to be a bit dry. This book contains a lot of valuable information about the modern Pagan movements, exactly as promised by the title. There are sections that a well-versed Pagan would be familiar with (such as the work of Oberon Zell, the Green Egg, etc) as well as other more obscure details that I wasn't entirely familiar with.The author comes across as very knowledgeable and well studied, which lends a lot to credibility. I don't think this is something that a newer Pagan should hand to their non-Pagan friends and family because the academic depth is a little too overwhelming for beginners. However, if you are doing research for a paper or are looking for a credible source of our history, this is a really great product.

This was an interesting primer on the history of modern Paganism, with special emphasis on Wicca. It was a little light on analysis and heavy on narrative for me, hence the four stars, but it is an excellent history of the origins of modern, as opposed to historical, Paganism.There are many intriguing mini-biographies and the author is generally sympathetic to Paganism and Pagans in general...occasionally too sympathetic to be wholly objective.Still, a good primer and highly recommended.4 out of 5 stars

I appreciated the detailed historiography and analysis of the development of pagan witchcraft. I'm planning to read critiques of the book as well — as anyone should after finishing a nonfiction work — but I found The Triumph of the Moon quite edifying.

Ronald Hutton's 'Triumph Of The Moon' is an excellent historical study and exploratory overview of Wicca. Since its history is an extremely volatile and complex subject, in his preface Hutton is wisely modest about the present limits of the information available to scholars and the scope of his abilities and intentions--no promises to absolute knowledge are made.Hutton clearly realizes that his subject is a matter of belief and faith to Wicca's adherents, and therefore his careful conclusions are largely relative and theoretical. His writing style is plain-spoken and academic, his approach studiously matter-of-fact throughout.Since he is a historian and not a psychologist, Hutton steers away from any investigation of the archetypal witch image as a apparent constant of the human psyche and condition, focusing instead on whatever traceable elements of a genuine `witch tradition' and survival existed and exist in fact.Considering that witches appear both everywhere and nowhere throughout history, Hutton pulls off a remarkable piece of speculative detective work. He remains uncommonly fair and open-minded throughout, considering all claims equally and going so far as to express that he does not deny the possibility that the gods and goddesses of Wicca--including Pan--exist objectively. If this is a simple placating measure, Hutton handles it with aplomb.The author states that the most important argument of his book is that Wicca is the result of a combination of cultural forces and undertones that have developed in England since 1800, including the Murray thesis as a erroneous theory and modern myth rather than as a hypothesis having any basis in fact.But it's not difficult to believe--by any means--that some remnant of pre-Christian religions existed in dynamic form during the Middle Ages, continued to be practiced and came to be identified as witchcraft by the dominant Christian establishment.This proposed pagan religion--presumably involving some form of 'nature worship'--may have not been a focused, formalized religion in fact, but something more akin to Ireland's 'fairy faith'--a powerful belief system that took a wide variety of forms in diverse parts of Europe.Since veneration of different aspects of nature as a means of insuring a bountiful harvest seems to be a fairly common and probably spontaneous phenomena among man when in the early stages of development, why should some trace of this not have continued into the Middle Ages among agrarian people?Murray may have been all wrong in her both carefully and carelessly accrued specifics, but at least partially correct generally.Though Carlo Ginzburg was apparently unclear about how his discovery of the "benandanti" in the Fruili region linked, if at all, to Murray's thesis, the example Hutton gives of the century-old witch community on the Welsh island of Mon is fairly impressive, especially since he is able to identify at least three other 'pagan witch traditions' older than and apparently independent of Gardnerian Wicca.Among those who helped produce 'the pool of ideas and impulses' which led or may have contributed to the formation of Wicca are key figures James Frazer, James Michelet, Margaret Murray, Charles Godfrey Leland, Samuel Liddell Mathers, Aleister Crowley, Gerald Gardner, and Dion Fortune, each of whose work Hutton carefully considers.Hutton clearly loves his subject; the reader senses that no one would secretly enjoy discovering solid proof of a pagan survival of this kind more than he.His sympathy, however, never compromises his rigorous scholarly standards. This is a cautious, well-considered and erudite book that should educate most and offend few.

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